Less is more: Pet food labels typically suggest a larger serving size than most pets need, said Dr. Edith Rogers, a veterinarian with Peachtree Hills Animal Hospital.
She noted that pet food companies conduct tests with working dogs that burn many more calories than household pets. To determine a more realistic portion size, record the number of kilo-calories per cup in your pet's kibble and call your vet for advice.
"If you are feeding treats, that will affect the number of calories," she said. "Lifestyle also is a huge factor."
Lifestyle also can play a role in how many times your pet prefers to eat each day. Rogers said indoor cats can drive owners crazy if they don't eat twice a day. The same applies to food-motivated Labradors, but small-breed dogs tend enjoy the call of the dinner bell once a day.
"A lot of dogs like routine and look forward to it," she said. "Our dogs are so much a part of our lives -- and they have become such family members -- that it has become a social thing."
Wet vs. dry food: If your pet is prone to periodontal disease, Rogers suggests feeding dry kibble. Canned food tends to glom onto their teeth and promote tartar buildup. Otherwise, there isn't a major difference between wet and dry options.
Instead, she said pet owners should look for food that features the AAFCO label. The Association of American Feed Control Officials establishes laws for labeling, manufacturing and distributing pet food in the United States so there is some degree of regulation.
It also pays to make sure the food is relatively easy to find, your pet likes it and there are no adverse reactions.
Read the label: In addition to the AFCO label, Rogers said that a quality protein should be the first ingredient for healthy dogs. The percentage of crude protein should fall between 21 to 28 percent, she said. Dog food with a protein content above 28 percent can be too rich and cause digestion issues.
